দোলন, সরল ছন্দিত গতি ও তরঙ্গ
SHM differential equation, simple pendulum, energy partitions, progressive waves, standing waves, beats, and Doppler effect.
Periodic functions, period T, frequency ν, displacement as periodic function of time, and harmonic functions.
Definition of SHM F = -kx, differential equation d^2x/dt^2 + ω^2 x = 0, displacement x(t) = A sin(ωt + φ), velocity, and acceleration.
Kinetic and potential energy in SHM, total mechanical energy conservation E = 1/2 m ω^2 A^2, simple pendulum period, and spring-mass systems.
Free oscillations, damped harmonic oscillations equation d^2x/dt^2 + γ dx/dt + ω0^2 x = 0, forced periodic driving force, sharpness of resonance, and Q-factor.
Transverse and longitudinal waves, progressive wave equation y = A sin(kx - ωt + φ), wave speed v = νλ = ω/k, Newton-Laplace formula for sound.
Principle of superposition, standing waves in stretched strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics, beats phenomenon, and Doppler effect.